Problems of Foreign Employment and Measures for Solutions

(a) Problems of Foreign Employment: 

Most Nepalese workers going for foreign employment are unskilled. They also lack information about foreign languages, laws, regulations, and the skills and knowledge required for the work they will be doing. Therefore, they have to face many problems in the process of foreign employment. 

The main problems of foreign employment are as follows:

1. Unskilled Laborers: Most Nepalese going for foreign employment are unskilled. Therefore, they receive lower salaries compared to workers from other countries.
2. Risky Work: Most Nepalese going for foreign employment are unskilled, so they have to do difficult and risky jobs. This leads to deaths, injuries, and disabilities in the workplaces. However, there is a lack of related records.
3. Lack of Protection: Nepalese going to work in countries where Nepal does not have an embassy are not protected or monitored. Even in countries where Nepal has an embassy, the embassy staff often do not pay attention, leaving the workers helpless when they face problems.
4. Use of Illegal Routes: Many Nepalese are found to go to conflict-ridden countries like Afghanistan, Iraq, etc., using illegal routes through India. Those who go for foreign employment using illegal routes face the most problems. There are also complaints of physical exploitation and forced prostitution of women going for foreign employment using illegal routes.
5. Expensive: Foreign employment has become very expensive due to various reasons such as having to stay in Kathmandu for a long time while waiting to go, and recruitment agencies charging high fees.

(b) Measures for Solutions for Foreign Employment: 

The following suggestions can be given to solve the problems of foreign employment mentioned above:

(a) Youths wishing to go for foreign employment should be encouraged to go only after acquiring skill development or training. This will enable them to find easier jobs and also receive higher salaries. 

(b) If a mandatory insurance law is enacted for those going for foreign employment, it will provide some financial relief to their families even if they die or become disabled in an accident. 

(c) Embassies should be opened in the countries where Nepalese go to work, and arrangements should be made for labor agreements. This will help in protecting Nepalese who have gone for foreign employment and in developing and expanding the labor market. 

(d) Since many problems arise when many Nepalese go to conflict-ridden countries and countries not approved for foreign employment using illegal routes through India, this should be completely discouraged. Cooperation with India and other South Asian countries is necessary for this. 

(e) Arrangements should be made to complete all processes through local administration to end the situation of having to stay in Kathmandu for foreign employment. 

(f) Foreign employment agencies should be encouraged to establish themselves at the local level. This can significantly reduce the cost of going for foreign employment.